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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), a long-term gastrointestinal disorder impacting millions of people globally, including a notable portion of the Malaysian population. Bloating, abdominal pain, and irregular bowel movements are notable symptoms of this condition. The gut microbiome, which is home to trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes, is accountable for maintaining digestive health. A balanced microbiome is important for good digestion, immune function, and even mental health. However, the disruption of this balance can cause many health issues, IBS included. As one of the top healthcare providers in Malaysia, Gleneagles Hospitals is devoted to providing advanced diagnostic tools and treatments to manage IBS well.
Key Bacterial Factors Contributing to IBS
Microbial Imbalance:
The gut of healthy people is home to a wide range of good bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which aid in digestion, nutrient absorption, and guard the gut lining. This imbalance, also known as dysbiosis, can add on to the gastrointestinal symptoms connected to IBS, such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, and irregular bowel movements.
Inflammatory Response:
Some gut bacteria in people who have IBS produce substances that can initiate inflammation within the intestines. It is believed that this low-grade inflammation plays a significant role in the development of IBS symptoms. Discomfort can be caused by inflammatory symptoms, and these symptoms can change the normal functioning of the digestive system, leading to symptoms such as pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits.
Gut-Brain Connection:
The gut-brain connection is one of the most interesting aspects of IBS. The gut and brain are connected through the gut-brain axis, a communication network involving hormones, neurotransmitters, and the nervous system. Disruptions within the gut microbiome can disrupt this communication, causing altered gut motility and enhanced pain sensitivity. Knowing the role of the gut-brain connection in IBS is necessary to develop more effective treatments and therapies. (NIH,2023)
Managing IBS Symptoms with Probiotics
Restoring Microbial Balance:
Probiotics are live microorganisms that can offer health benefits when taken in sufficient amounts. They are specifically beneficial in helping people with IBS restore a healthy balance of gut bacteria. Probiotics can help soothe symptoms such as bloating, gas, and abdominal discomfort by restoring the microbial balance.
Decreasing Inflammation:
Certain probiotics have anti-inflammatory properties in addition to restoring balance. One of the key contributors to IBS symptoms is long-term inflammation in the gut, and some strains of probiotics have been demonstrated to help decrease inflammation. Probiotics may provide relief from discomfort and enhance the general function of the digestive system by calming the inflammatory response in the intestines. However, it is crucial to remember that not all probiotics are just as effective for everyone, and results may vary (Mazziotta et al., 2023).
Regulating Bowel Movements:
Probiotics are also demonstrated to help regulate bowel movements in both types of IBS—constipation-predominant and diarrhea-predominant IBS. Probiotics can help improve stool consistency and increase the regularity of bowel movements in constipation-predominant IBS. However, probiotics may help regulate stool consistency and decrease the urgency of bowel movements in diarrhea-predominant IBS.
The Connection Between Diet and Gut Health in IBS
Diet is essential in keeping a healthy gut microbiome and managing the symptoms of IBS. Some foods can either worsen or soothe symptoms depending on the triggers unique to each person. The trick to managing IBS through diet is knowing which foods contribute to flare-ups and making changes accordingly.
Fibre Intake:
Fibre is necessary for gut health, but IBS symptoms can be impacted by the type and amount of fibre consumed. Soluble fibre is overall easier on the digestive system and can help regulate bowel movements; it is found in foods such as oats, peas, and beans. On the other hand, insoluble fibre may initiate bloating and discomfort in people with IBS; it is found in whole grains and some vegetables.
Fermented Foods:
Fermented foods are high in probiotics and can help boost a healthy gut microbiome, examples of food include yogurt, kefir, kimchi, and sauerkraut. These foods have good bacteria that can refill the gut flora and may improve IBS symptoms. Incorporating fermented foods in your diet may provide a natural way to boost gut health and soothe symptoms
Avoiding Trigger Foods:
Some foods have proven to initiate IBS symptoms in many individuals. Trigger foods include spicy foods, high-fat foods, caffeine, alcohol, and dairy. People with IBS can keep a food diary and track symptoms to help them identify which foods worsen their condition and avoid them. Gleneagles Hospitals provide personalised dietary advice for people with IBS to help them make informed decisions that boost better digestive health (NHS,2023).
FAQs
1. Can stress exacerbate IBS symptoms?
Yes, stress is one of the main triggers of IBS flare-ups. The gut-brain connection can be altered due to emotional and psychological stress, resulting in worsened symptoms such as abdominal pain and irregular bowel movements.
2. Does IBS respond well to any specific probiotics?
Although some probiotic strains like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been demonstrated to improve IBS symptoms, it is crucial to remember that there is no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to probiotics. Consult a doctor to find the most suitable probiotic for you.
3. Is there a permanent cure for IBS?
So far, there is no permanent cure for IBS. However, dietary changes, stress reduction, medication, and probiotics can help effectively manage IBS symptoms. People with IBS can live a healthy and fulfilling life through proper management.
4. Is IBS a hereditary condition?
Research reveals that genetics can contribute to IBS development. If you have a family member with IBS, you may be at an elevated risk of developing the condition.
5. Does everyone get affected in the same way by IBS?
No, IBS is a condition that is highly individualised. Each person may experience symptoms very differently. Some people may have constipation, while some may experience diarrhea or bloating.
Schedule an Appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) can be an infuriating and often crippling condition that affects your everyday life. Knowing what gut health and bacteria do in managing IBS symptoms is important to finding relief and improving your quality of life. If you struggle with IBS or have digestive issues, Gleneagles Hospitals is here to offer support. Our team of gastroenterology professionals offers comprehensive diagnostic services and personalised treatment options to help you manage IBS effectively. Do not let IBS control your life—get in touch with Gleneagles Hospitals today and take the first step toward better digestive health. Schedule an appointment via our website or download the MyHealth360 application from theGoogle Play Store orApple App Store.
